PGAM5 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Subsequently, the activated caspase 8 cleaves activates caspase‐3, thereby executing the exogenous apoptotic pathway.[40] It has been demonstrated that ponicidin induces apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of Bcl‐2 and Survivin,[41] and that Survivin regulates apoptosis by binding to and blocking the initiator caspase 9 and effector caspase 3.[42] In our study, we found that ponicidin promotes apoptosis in HCC cells by stabilizing the formation of the Keap1‐PGAM5 complex and activating the caspase‐dependent mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.