The e4 allele of this gene is a known risk factor for AD associated with Aβ-42 deposition at an earlier age.1 Research has revealed that estrogen plays a role in upregulating the APOE gene.2 Hence, a sharp decline in estrogen levels, as observed following menopause, could elevate the risk for Aβ-42 deposition. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is Alzheimer disease.