D1MT is safe in this setting, does not interfere with viral suppression, and improves the quality of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, including reconstitution, activation and M. tuberculosis–specific cytokine production, and access of CD8+ T cells to the lung granulomas; it reduces granuloma size and necrosis, type I IFN expression, and the recruitment of inflammatory IDO+ interstitial macrophages (IMs). Here, IDO1 is linked to Granuloma.