T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; CKD: chronic kidney disease; DKD: diabetic kidney disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; UPCR: urine protein-to-creatinine ratio; BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; AKI: acute kidney injury; SOB: shortness of breath; GI: gastrointestinal. Here, ALB is linked to diabetes mellitus.