Furthermore, other cancer-related molecular compounds such as neutrophil extracellular traps, circulating inflammatory cytokines, proteases (including cancer procoagulant), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and tissue factor (TF) together with endothelial dysfunction significantly contribute to the heightened risk of cancer-associated TE and disseminated intravascular coagulation [[31], [32], [33]]. Here, SERPINE1 is linked to cancer.