Inflammasomes, particularly NLRP3, are ring-like structures that assemble upon innate immune activation (Figure 4) and are pivotal in atherosclerosis by converting pro–IL-1β to IL-1β and enhancing expression of endothelial adhesion molecules (E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1).102. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is atherosclerosis.