Transplantation of both human microbiota HM1 and mouse-adapted microbiota IMM-g1 or IMM-g2 to GF 129 Il-10−/− mice induced severe colitis as assessed by colon histology, non-invasive f-LCN2, and inflammatory cytokine levels (Fig. 1C–F; Figure S1B, D). This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and colitis.