Moreover, RELA is hyperactive in 50–70% of PDAC tumours (Wang et al., 1999; Weichert et al., 2007) and contributes to both cancer progression (Fujioka et al., 2003; Melisi et al., 2009) and resistance to chemotherapy (Bold et al., 2001; Kunnumakkara et al., 2007). This evidence concerns the gene RELA and neoplasm.