APP and Alzheimer disease: Notably, miRs in AD are implicated in several aspects of the disease's pathogenesis, including the regulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) (Wei et al., 2020) and tau protein pathways (Abuelezz et al., 2021), neuroinflammation (Lukiw, 2023), and neurodegeneration (Arora et al., 2022).