INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The study groups of children and adolescents were characterized as follows: nonobese T1D participants (n=31) had HbA1c 8.2 (7.4–9.2)% (equal to 66 (57–77) mmol/mol), T1DD 10.0 (6.6–11.9) years, ID 0.80 (0.67–0.98) U/kg and BMI Z score -0.12 (-0.69–0.68) SD; OB participants (n=34) had FBG 4.7 (4.4–5.0) mmol/L, blood INS 19.7 (14.9–27.4) μIU/mL, HOMA-IR 4.3 (3.0–6.2) and BMI Z score 2.4 (2.2–2.5) SD.