In patients with type 2 diabetes, prolonged high levels of blood glucose and insulin can lead to desensitization of insulin receptors, reducing their sensitivity to insulin and further exacerbating insulin resistance.173 In addition, long-term alcohol consumption can increase the nervous system’s tolerance to alcohol, achieved by regulating the expression and sensitivity of neurotransmitter receptors such as GABA receptors and glutamate receptors.174–177. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.