GDF15 and neoplasm: To support the concept of a TXNIP/GDF15/Treg regulatory axis in situ, an anti-correlation of TXNIP and GDF15 was observed in matched fresh patient tissue (pre and post chemotherapy), fixed tissue, whole tumor transcripts, and single-cell seq data, while GDF15 was further seen to correlate with Foxp3/FOXP3 in fixed tissue samples and the TCGA transcriptomic dataset.