Previously we aimed for identifying common disease modifier proteins in a group of nine neurodegenerative diseases called polyQ disease that share expansion of polyQ repeat in causative proteins due to CAG repeat expansion in their gene mutations (La Spada et al, 1994; Zoghbi and Orr, 2000), and discovered polyglutamine binding protein 3 (PQBP3) in yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening of the human brain cDNA library (Imafuku et al, 1998; Waragai, 1999). This evidence concerns the gene NOL7 and neurodegenerative disease.