In early protocols it was combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-2, and 13-cis-RA for treatment of high-risk NB responding to the multimodal treatment.141 However, the combination with IL-2 showed significant toxicity associated with dosing challenges which led to adverse events and mortality in some cases. The gene discussed is IL2; the disease is neuroblastoma.