In terms of NASH, it has been shown that knockdown of SHP2 and PTEN in hepatocytes induces early-onset NASH and promotes hepatic tumor-initiating cells, which may be due to enhanced cJun expression/activation in the hepatic microenvironment and elevated ROS and inflammation (Luo et al., 2016). Here, PTEN is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.