Additionally, the influence of IL-6 on PD-1 inhibitors may vary depending on the specific tumor type and individual differences, necessitating further research in this area (Bommarito et al., 2017; Kang et al., 2020; Keegan et al., 2020; Tezera et al., 2020; Li et al., 2022a; Koeppen et al., 2023) (Figure 3). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and neoplasm.