TLR5 and atherosclerosis: Although most of the endogenous ligands of TLRs9 have been described, there is a lack of equivalent ligands for TLR5. Since many exogenous TLR ligands are expressed in atherosclerotic lesions, flagellin may also play a role in the development of atherosclerosis.Related studies show that TLR5 deficiency can reduce the formation of atherosclerosis in LDLr-/-mice [38].