GSEA performed using a cell type signature gene set to identify immune cell functions showed positive enrichment of both CD4 and CD8 memory effector T cells, as well as B cells, in the NSCLC immune checkpoint inhibitor responders, and innate cell immunity-related immune cells such as monocytes and macrophages were positively enriched in the responders, specifically in NSCLC immune samples (Fig. 1h). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.