Moreover, the variable presentation poses a challenge to patient selection, which has been ameliorated by the establishment of standardized diagnostic criteria and clinicopathologic subtypes through the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO)-European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines.54 The phase 1 BLOOM trial, investigating osimertinib in an LM-specific population with epidermal growth factor (EGFR) mutated NSCLC,45 demonstrated that these patients may be recruited to a well-designed early phase study, with more than 40 patients enrolled within 2.5 years. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.