EPCAM and colorectal carcinoma: MSI can be triggered through modifications in the MMR system’s primary genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM).[40] There have been many reports of MMR defects being detected in Lynch syndrome-related tumors, such as CRC,[38] gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma,[41] and endometrial cancer.[42] Most tumors exhibited an inverse association between WDR43 differential expression and MMR genes.