TNF and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Clinically, the level of IL6 serves as the primary indicator in the measurement of the imbalanced Thl/Th2 cells in patients with COPD.28 In this study, the two groups showed significantly lower levels of TNF-α, LTB4 and IL-6 than those before treatment, and the observation group presented a greater degree of reduction than the radiation group (P < 0.05), demonstrating the satisfactory anti-inflammatory effect of LABA/LAMA/ICS triple therapy.