The literature search revealed two studies with contrary results as one study reported lower S100B levels in AIS patients compared to controls (103.1 pg/mL, SD: 13.6 vs. 188.6 pg/mL, SD: 14.1, p < 0.001) while another study found higher mean S100B levels in AIS patients compared to controls (44.6 ng/L, IQR: 5.46–96.56 vs. 19.98 ng/L, IQR: 0.0–67.92) (34, 46). The gene discussed is S100B; the disease is androgen insensitivity syndrome.