PNN and cancer: Additionally, EphB4 knockout cells had increased expression of matrix metallopeptidase 14, pinin, and keratins 7, 8, 16, and 20 (Figure 2F), genes associated with increased proliferation, EMT, and metastasis across multiple cancer types (Elazezy et al., 2021; Fang et al., 2017; Hosseinalizadeh et al., 2024; Niland et al., 2021; Tan et al., 2017; Wei et al., 2016).