ADAR and hepatocellular carcinoma: Studies have shown that ADAR-induced substitution of Ser367gly at the locus of antitumor enzyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1) increases the binding affinity of AZIN1 and inhibits its ability to inhibit ornithine decarboxylase, resulting in the development of more tumorigenic characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma (54).