Consequently, there is an urgent need for therapeutic approaches capable of slowing or halting the progression of PD.Prior investigations have centered on the role of Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) within the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system, encompassing regions such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and nucleus accumbens; however, these studies have yet to elucidate the precise impact of GDNF in the PFC on cognitive function in PD patients and the underlying mechanisms. Here, GDNF is linked to Parkinson disease.