NF1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for instance, FoxM1 overexpression, a transcription factor for cell cycle genes, intensifies Ras-driven HCC progression and metastasis.17 Conversely, in HCC, suppressor genes such as RASAL1, DAB2IP, and NF1 RAS GAP curtail the Ras pathway’s limitless activation, subsequently inhibiting tumor metastasis.18 In esophageal cancer, both Rho kinase (ROCK) and Ras have been linked to metastatic cell behavior, fostering tumor metastasis and invasion.19 In CRC, approximately half of the cases exhibit activating point mutations in the Ki-ras proto-oncogene.