These encouraging results have been confirmed in another study conducted on advanced melanoma cases refractory to anti PD-1 treatments; in this study, 168 patients were equally divided into two groups and treated with TIL or ipilimumab, where patients treated with TIL had a significantly longer PFS of 7.2 months compared to 3.1 months for those who received ipilimumab (Rohaan et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and melanoma.