BRCA1 and cancer: Based on this scientific background, we conducted a phase II study to formally evaluate whether talazoparib achieves clinical benefit (complete response (CR), partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) ≥ 24 weeks) in metastatic or inoperable locally advanced or locally recurrent cancer patients who have germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 with cancers other than breast or ovarian cancer, PTEN mutation/deletion or loss by IHC and in patients with somatic mutations or homologous deletions in BRCA1 or BRCA2, or alterations in other HR repair pathway genes.