We observed a significant inverse association between fasting plasma insulin or insulin resistance and hippocampal tail (insulin: t = −3.42, beta = −7.41, 95% CI [−11.9, −2.9], p = 0.003 FDR p = 0.024; insulin resistance: t = −17.85, beta = −58.90, 95% CI [−96.0, −21.8], p = 0.003, FDR p = 0.024) and between insulin resistance and molecular layer (t = −2.14, beta = −25.74, 95% CI [−50.8, −0.7], p = 0.044, FDR p = 0.186) in non-diabetic FEP patients, at the follow-up time point, but not at the baseline. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.