PARP1 and necrotizing enterocolitis: The present study aimed to ascertain whether PARP1-dependent parthanatos participates in intestinal epithelial damage during NEC and the underlying mechanism(s) involved by combined assessments and analyses of samples collected from human infants with NEC, animal blood and intestinal tissues collected from an established in vivo murine NEC model, and cellular specimens collected from an in vitro model of NEC.