Ascorbic acid has been reported to display anti-tumor effects by acting as a cofactor for diverse Fe2+- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylases (PHDs 1–3 and FIH) and DNA demethylases (TET1-3) [60] (Supplementary Fig. 6A). This evidence concerns the gene CASR and neoplasm.