They were based on the genetic sequence of a TAA or TSA that was incorporated into a bacterial plasmid either alone or bound to a hapten or carrier molecule such as Tetanus Toxoid (TTX), and/or a co-stimulating molecule (such as interleukin-2, IL-2), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and/or others. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is tetanus.