These topics were further categorized as “clinical,” “basic,” and “demographic” studies (Figure 1B),[5] such as clinical studies on the role of N-terminal (NT)-prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure, basic studies on stem cells, and population studies on health economic issues in the treatment and care of heart failure. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and heart failure.