Cathepsin G may be valuable for the diagnosis, efficacy judgment and prognosis assessment of non-small cell lung cancer and HIV-related lung cancer, but its related molecular mechanism needs to be further explored in multi-center experimental and clinical studies, which is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and HIV-related lung cancer with CTSG as the target. The gene discussed is CTSG; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.