Specifically, a focus has beenplaced on the emerging role of both NACHT, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrindomain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in driving the onset of the acute pericardial inflammation, yetfurther sustaining the inflammatory process during recurrences [6, 7, 8]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is inflammatory response.