GDF15 and coronary artery disorder: In thiscontext, several studies have shown that GDF-15 is useful as a consistentbiomarker of mortality and CV events in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) [30, 31, 32, 33, 34], acute Heart Failure [35] or stable CAD [34, 36, 37, 38, 39] (Table 1, Ref.[30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42].