To further explore the role of β2M in overallhealth, several previous epidemiological studies showed the associations betweenβ2M and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and found higher β2M wassignificantly associated with higher risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD),end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and infectious mortality [15, 16, 17]. Here, B2M is linked to stage 5 chronic kidney disease.