CCL2 and periodontitis: Several preclinical and clinical studies have shown that Bindarit, via suppressing the production of CCL2 and reducing the recruitment of monocytes and macrophages, is effective in treating inflammatory-based disorders, such as diabetes-associated periodontitis (animal model study) (187), lupus nephritis (human study) (188), Alzheimer’s disease (in vitro study) (189), and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) (animal model study) (190).