Likewise, after Peptivator stimulation, we observed a generally higher cytokine production in all MS patients compared to healthy controls, particularly evident in FTY individuals, in whom 7 (GM-CSF, IL1-beta, IL5, IL8, IL10, IL4, IL6) of 10 cytokines were significantly upregulated (Figures 6A, B, D–H, top P=6.7×10-09), whereas IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were only nominally increased (Figures 6I, J; Supplementary Table 10). Here, IL5 is linked to myeloid sarcoma.