A strongcorrelation exists between inflammatory cytokines and AF, underscoring theimportance of inflammatory signaling pathways, such as NOD-like receptor thermal protien domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome,Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signaling in AF development.Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic regulated mode of cell death, has been widelystudied in relation to cardiovascular diseases including heart failure,myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, and reperfusion injury. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is heart failure.