TGFB1 and cardiac hypertrophy: Tian et al. [14] found that Ang II induction in 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice(1.4 mg/kg/day) led to myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, along with increasedexpression of TGF-β1, TNF-α1, and IL-1β in cardiactissue, indicating that both M1 and M2 phenotypes exist in induced mice.