In this regard, it isnoteworthy that blocking β1-AR signaling by several antagonists suchas carvedilol, metoprolol, atenolol, and bisoprolol has been showncardioprotection and other beneficial effects in heart failure [73, 108, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129]. This evidence concerns the gene ADRB1 and heart failure.