In clinical practice, the most commonlyused biomarkers for the diagnosis of HF are plasma BNP or NT-proBNP levels,showing a much higher sensitivity (BNP at a threshold of ≤100 ng/L is0.95, while NT-proBNP at a threshold of ≤300 ng/L is 0.99) but arelatively low specificity (BNP ≤100 ng/L is 0.63, and NT-proBNP≤300 ng/L is 0.43), which may limit accurate risk stratification for HF[25, 26]. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is hydrops fetalis.