Recent research by severalgroups have uncovered that exercise training could significantly reduce theoccurrence of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury, offer protection fromdilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, by increasing theactivity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) - nitric oxide (NO) andphosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalingpathways [12, 20, 21, 22, 23]. This evidence concerns the gene NOS3 and myocardial ischemia.