GREM1 and neoplasm: In this study, we found that CTHRC1+GREM1+ myCAF were enriched in tumor patients and expressed significantly higher levels of matrix-associated genes such as proteoglycans (ACTB, DCN), collagens (COL1A2, COL3A1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP11, MMP14), indicating fibrotic properties and contributing to worse overall survival.