Overall, our NMA comprehensively compared the efficacy and safety of PD‐1 inhibitors + chemotherapy and PD‐L1 inhibitors + chemotherapy in the first‐line therapy of patients with ES‐SCLC and found no statistically significant differences in terms of OS, PFS, ORR, and AEs in ES‐SCLC based on the limited data available. Here, PDCD1 is linked to small cell lung carcinoma.