FNDC5 and injury: Irisin also has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects in various settings.32 In an acute lung injury mouse model, irisin administration preserves the alveolar epithelium.33 Accordingly, in acute stroke models, irisin reduces neuronal damage and improves cognitive function by activating protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathways.34