However, the mRNA levels of individual Tnfα, Il1b, or Mcp-1 are differentially expressed among CD9+CD11c−, CD9−CD11c+, and CD9+CD11c+ ATMs (Fig. 7H), suggesting functional heterogeneity even among proinflammatory ATMs during obesity. Here, TNF is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.