CSCs are crucial for monocyte recruitment across tumor types; supernatants from cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, or glioblastoma cells under CSC-enriched conditions show elevated levels of tumorigenic macrophage factors like CCL2, CCL5, CSF1, GDF15, IL-13, TGFβ, periostin, and WISP1. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.