In order to identify miRNAs and mRNAs that are modulated upon HIV-1 infection, CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of three blood donors and infected for 48 h with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-marked HIV-1 (CCR5-tropic NL4.3-ADA-GFP). The gene discussed is CCR5; the disease is HIV-1 infection.